1234 lines
60 KiB
HTML
1234 lines
60 KiB
HTML
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<head>
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<meta name="generator" content="Asciidoctor 2.0.23"/>
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<title>git-update-index(1)</title>
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</head>
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<body class="manpage">
|
|
<div id="header">
|
|
<h1>git-update-index(1) Manual Page</h1>
|
|
<h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<p>git-update-index - Register file contents in the working tree to the index</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div id="content">
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="verseblock">
|
|
<pre class="content"><em>git update-index</em>
|
|
[--add] [--remove | --force-remove] [--replace]
|
|
[--refresh] [-q] [--unmerged] [--ignore-missing]
|
|
[(--cacheinfo <mode>,<object>,<file>)…​]
|
|
[--chmod=(+|-)x]
|
|
[--[no-]assume-unchanged]
|
|
[--[no-]skip-worktree]
|
|
[--[no-]ignore-skip-worktree-entries]
|
|
[--[no-]fsmonitor-valid]
|
|
[--ignore-submodules]
|
|
[--[no-]split-index]
|
|
[--[no-|test-|force-]untracked-cache]
|
|
[--[no-]fsmonitor]
|
|
[--really-refresh] [--unresolve] [--again | -g]
|
|
[--info-only] [--index-info]
|
|
[-z] [--stdin] [--index-version <n>]
|
|
[--show-index-version]
|
|
[--verbose]
|
|
[--] [<file>…​]</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Modifies the index. Each file mentioned is updated into the index and
|
|
any <em>unmerged</em> or <em>needs updating</em> state is cleared.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>See also <a href="git-add.html">git-add(1)</a> for a more user-friendly way to do some of
|
|
the most common operations on the index.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The way <em>git update-index</em> handles files it is told about can be modified
|
|
using the various options:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="dlist">
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--add</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>If a specified file isn’t in the index already then it’s
|
|
added.
|
|
Default behaviour is to ignore new files.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--remove</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>If a specified file is in the index but is missing then it’s
|
|
removed.
|
|
Default behavior is to ignore removed files.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--refresh</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Looks at the current index and checks to see if merges or
|
|
updates are needed by checking stat() information.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-q</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> Quiet. If --refresh finds that the index needs an update, the
|
|
default behavior is to error out. This option makes
|
|
<em>git update-index</em> continue anyway.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--ignore-submodules</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Do not try to update submodules. This option is only respected
|
|
when passed before --refresh.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--unmerged</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> If --refresh finds unmerged changes in the index, the default
|
|
behavior is to error out. This option makes <em>git update-index</em>
|
|
continue anyway.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--ignore-missing</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Ignores missing files during a --refresh</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--cacheinfo <mode>,<object>,<path></dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--cacheinfo <mode> <object> <path></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Directly insert the specified info into the index. For
|
|
backward compatibility, you can also give these three
|
|
arguments as three separate parameters, but new users are
|
|
encouraged to use a single-parameter form.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--index-info</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Read index information from stdin.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--chmod=(+|-)x</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Set the execute permissions on the updated files.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--[no-]assume-unchanged</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>When this flag is specified, the object names recorded
|
|
for the paths are not updated. Instead, this option
|
|
sets/unsets the "assume unchanged" bit for the
|
|
paths. When the "assume unchanged" bit is on, the user
|
|
promises not to change the file and allows Git to assume
|
|
that the working tree file matches what is recorded in
|
|
the index. If you want to change the working tree file,
|
|
you need to unset the bit to tell Git. This is
|
|
sometimes helpful when working with a big project on a
|
|
filesystem that has a very slow lstat(2) system call
|
|
(e.g. cifs).</p>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Git will fail (gracefully) in case it needs to modify this file
|
|
in the index e.g. when merging in a commit;
|
|
thus, in case the assumed-untracked file is changed upstream,
|
|
you will need to handle the situation manually.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--really-refresh</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Like <code>--refresh</code>, but checks stat information unconditionally,
|
|
without regard to the "assume unchanged" setting.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--[no-]skip-worktree</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>When one of these flags is specified, the object names recorded
|
|
for the paths are not updated. Instead, these options
|
|
set and unset the "skip-worktree" bit for the paths. See
|
|
section "Skip-worktree bit" below for more information.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--[no-]ignore-skip-worktree-entries</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Do not remove skip-worktree (AKA "index-only") entries even when
|
|
the <code>--remove</code> option was specified.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--[no-]fsmonitor-valid</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>When one of these flags is specified, the object names recorded
|
|
for the paths are not updated. Instead, these options
|
|
set and unset the "fsmonitor valid" bit for the paths. See
|
|
section "File System Monitor" below for more information.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-g</dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--again</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Runs <em>git update-index</em> itself on the paths whose index
|
|
entries are different from those of the <code>HEAD</code> commit.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--unresolve</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Restores the <em>unmerged</em> or <em>needs updating</em> state of a
|
|
file during a merge if it was cleared by accident.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--info-only</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Do not create objects in the object database for all
|
|
<file> arguments that follow this flag; just insert
|
|
their object IDs into the index.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--force-remove</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Remove the file from the index even when the working directory
|
|
still has such a file. (Implies --remove.)</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--replace</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>By default, when a file <code>path</code> exists in the index,
|
|
<em>git update-index</em> refuses an attempt to add <code>path/file</code>.
|
|
Similarly if a file <code>path/file</code> exists, a file <code>path</code>
|
|
cannot be added. With --replace flag, existing entries
|
|
that conflict with the entry being added are
|
|
automatically removed with warning messages.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--stdin</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Instead of taking a list of paths from the command line,
|
|
read a list of paths from the standard input. Paths are
|
|
separated by LF (i.e. one path per line) by default.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--verbose</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Report what is being added and removed from the index.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--index-version <n></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Write the resulting index out in the named on-disk format version.
|
|
Supported versions are 2, 3, and 4. The current default version is 2
|
|
or 3, depending on whether extra features are used, such as
|
|
<code>git</code> <code>add</code> <code>-N</code>. With <code>--verbose</code>, also report the version the index
|
|
file uses before and after this command.</p>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Version 4 performs a simple pathname compression that reduces index
|
|
size by 30%-50% on large repositories, which results in faster load
|
|
time. Git supports it since version 1.8.0, released in October 2012,
|
|
and support for it was added to libgit2 in 2016 and to JGit in 2020.
|
|
Older versions of this manual page called it "relatively young", but
|
|
it should be considered mature technology these days.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--show-index-version</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Report the index format version used by the on-disk index file.
|
|
See <code>--index-version</code> above.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-z</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Only meaningful with <code>--stdin</code> or <code>--index-info</code>; paths are
|
|
separated with NUL character instead of LF.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--split-index</dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-split-index</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Enable or disable split index mode. If split-index mode is
|
|
already enabled and <code>--split-index</code> is given again, all
|
|
changes in $GIT_DIR/index are pushed back to the shared index
|
|
file.</p>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>These options take effect whatever the value of the <code>core.splitIndex</code>
|
|
configuration variable (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>). But a warning is
|
|
emitted when the change goes against the configured value, as the
|
|
configured value will take effect next time the index is read and this
|
|
will remove the intended effect of the option.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--untracked-cache</dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-untracked-cache</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Enable or disable untracked cache feature. Please use
|
|
<code>--test-untracked-cache</code> before enabling it.</p>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>These options take effect whatever the value of the <code>core.untrackedCache</code>
|
|
configuration variable (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>). But a warning is
|
|
emitted when the change goes against the configured value, as the
|
|
configured value will take effect next time the index is read and this
|
|
will remove the intended effect of the option.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--test-untracked-cache</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Only perform tests on the working directory to make sure
|
|
untracked cache can be used. You have to manually enable
|
|
untracked cache using <code>--untracked-cache</code> or
|
|
<code>--force-untracked-cache</code> or the <code>core.untrackedCache</code>
|
|
configuration variable afterwards if you really want to use
|
|
it. If a test fails the exit code is 1 and a message
|
|
explains what is not working as needed, otherwise the exit
|
|
code is 0 and OK is printed.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--force-untracked-cache</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Same as <code>--untracked-cache</code>. Provided for backwards
|
|
compatibility with older versions of Git where
|
|
<code>--untracked-cache</code> used to imply <code>--test-untracked-cache</code> but
|
|
this option would enable the extension unconditionally.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--fsmonitor</dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-fsmonitor</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Enable or disable files system monitor feature. These options
|
|
take effect whatever the value of the <code>core.fsmonitor</code>
|
|
configuration variable (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>). But a warning
|
|
is emitted when the change goes against the configured value, as
|
|
the configured value will take effect next time the index is
|
|
read and this will remove the intended effect of the option.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Do not interpret any more arguments as options.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><file></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Files to act on.
|
|
Note that files beginning with <em>.</em> are discarded. This includes
|
|
.<code>/file</code> and <code>dir/./file</code>. If you don’t want this, then use
|
|
cleaner names.
|
|
The same applies to directories ending <em>/</em> and paths with <em>//</em></p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_using_refresh">USING --REFRESH</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p><code>--refresh</code> does not calculate a new sha1 file or bring the index
|
|
up to date for mode/content changes. But what it <strong>does</strong> do is to
|
|
"re-match" the stat information of a file with the index, so that you
|
|
can refresh the index for a file that hasn’t been changed but where
|
|
the stat entry is out of date.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>For example, you’d want to do this after doing a <em>git read-tree</em>, to link
|
|
up the stat index details with the proper files.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_using_cacheinfo_or_info_only">USING --CACHEINFO OR --INFO-ONLY</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p><code>--cacheinfo</code> is used to register a file that is not in the
|
|
current working directory. This is useful for minimum-checkout
|
|
merging.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>To pretend you have a file at path with mode and sha1, say:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>$ git update-index --add --cacheinfo <mode>,<sha1>,<path></pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p><code>--info-only</code> is used to register files without placing them in the object
|
|
database. This is useful for status-only repositories.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Both <code>--cacheinfo</code> and <code>--info-only</code> behave similarly: the index is updated
|
|
but the object database isn’t. <code>--cacheinfo</code> is useful when the object is
|
|
in the database but the file isn’t available locally. <code>--info-only</code> is
|
|
useful when the file is available, but you do not wish to update the
|
|
object database.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_using_index_info">USING --INDEX-INFO</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p><code>--index-info</code> is a more powerful mechanism that lets you feed
|
|
multiple entry definitions from the standard input, and designed
|
|
specifically for scripts. It can take inputs of three formats:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="olist arabic">
|
|
<ol class="arabic">
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>mode SP type SP sha1 TAB path</p>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>This format is to stuff <code>git</code> <code>ls-tree</code> output into the index.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>mode SP sha1 SP stage TAB path</p>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>This format is to put higher order stages into the
|
|
index file and matches <em>git ls-files --stage</em> output.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>mode SP sha1 TAB path</p>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>This format is no longer produced by any Git command, but is
|
|
and will continue to be supported by <code>update-index</code> <code>--index-info</code>.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>To place a higher stage entry to the index, the path should
|
|
first be removed by feeding a mode=0 entry for the path, and
|
|
then feeding necessary input lines in the third format.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>For example, starting with this index:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>$ git ls-files -s
|
|
100644 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 0 frotz</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>you can feed the following input to <code>--index-info</code>:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>$ git update-index --index-info
|
|
0 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 frotz
|
|
100644 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 1 frotz
|
|
100755 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 2 frotz</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The first line of the input feeds 0 as the mode to remove the
|
|
path; the SHA-1 does not matter as long as it is well formatted.
|
|
Then the second and third line feeds stage 1 and stage 2 entries
|
|
for that path. After the above, we would end up with this:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>$ git ls-files -s
|
|
100644 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 1 frotz
|
|
100755 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 2 frotz</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_using_assume_unchanged_bit">USING “ASSUME UNCHANGED” BIT</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Many operations in Git depend on your filesystem to have an
|
|
efficient <code>lstat</code>(<code>2</code>) implementation, so that <code>st_mtime</code>
|
|
information for working tree files can be cheaply checked to see
|
|
if the file contents have changed from the version recorded in
|
|
the index file. Unfortunately, some filesystems have
|
|
inefficient <code>lstat</code>(<code>2</code>). If your filesystem is one of them, you
|
|
can set "assume unchanged" bit to paths you have not changed to
|
|
cause Git not to do this check. Note that setting this bit on a
|
|
path does not mean Git will check the contents of the file to
|
|
see if it has changed — it makes Git to omit any checking and
|
|
assume it has <strong>not</strong> changed. When you make changes to working
|
|
tree files, you have to explicitly tell Git about it by dropping
|
|
"assume unchanged" bit, either before or after you modify them.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>In order to set "assume unchanged" bit, use <code>--assume-unchanged</code>
|
|
option. To unset, use <code>--no-assume-unchanged</code>. To see which files
|
|
have the "assume unchanged" bit set, use <code>git</code> <code>ls-files</code> <code>-v</code>
|
|
(see <a href="git-ls-files.html">git-ls-files(1)</a>).</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The command looks at <code>core.ignorestat</code> configuration variable. When
|
|
this is true, paths updated with <code>git</code> <code>update-index</code> <code>paths..</code>. and
|
|
paths updated with other Git commands that update both index and
|
|
working tree (e.g. <em>git apply --index</em>, <em>git checkout-index -u</em>,
|
|
and <em>git read-tree -u</em>) are automatically marked as "assume
|
|
unchanged". Note that "assume unchanged" bit is <strong>not</strong> set if
|
|
<code>git</code> <code>update-index</code> <code>--refresh</code> finds the working tree file matches
|
|
the index (use <code>git</code> <code>update-index</code> <code>--really-refresh</code> if you want
|
|
to mark them as "assume unchanged").</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Sometimes users confuse the assume-unchanged bit with the
|
|
skip-worktree bit. See the final paragraph in the "Skip-worktree bit"
|
|
section below for an explanation of the differences.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>To update and refresh only the files already checked out:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>$ git checkout-index -n -f -a && git update-index --ignore-missing --refresh</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="dlist">
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">On an inefficient filesystem with <code>core.ignorestat</code> set</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>$ git update-index --really-refresh <b class="conum">(1)</b>
|
|
$ git update-index --no-assume-unchanged foo.c <b class="conum">(2)</b>
|
|
$ git diff --name-only <b class="conum">(3)</b>
|
|
$ edit foo.c
|
|
$ git diff --name-only <b class="conum">(4)</b>
|
|
M foo.c
|
|
$ git update-index foo.c <b class="conum">(5)</b>
|
|
$ git diff --name-only <b class="conum">(6)</b>
|
|
$ edit foo.c
|
|
$ git diff --name-only <b class="conum">(7)</b>
|
|
$ git update-index --no-assume-unchanged foo.c <b class="conum">(8)</b>
|
|
$ git diff --name-only <b class="conum">(9)</b>
|
|
M foo.c</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="colist arabic">
|
|
<ol>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>forces lstat(2) to set "assume unchanged" bits for paths that match index.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>mark the path to be edited.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>this does lstat(2) and finds index matches the path.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>this does lstat(2) and finds index does <strong>not</strong> match the path.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>registering the new version to index sets "assume unchanged" bit.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>and it is assumed unchanged.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>even after you edit it.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>you can tell about the change after the fact.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>now it checks with lstat(2) and finds it has been changed.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_skip_worktree_bit">SKIP-WORKTREE BIT</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Skip-worktree bit can be defined in one (long) sentence: Tell git to
|
|
avoid writing the file to the working directory when reasonably
|
|
possible, and treat the file as unchanged when it is not
|
|
present in the working directory.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Note that not all git commands will pay attention to this bit, and
|
|
some only partially support it.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The update-index flags and the read-tree capabilities relating to the
|
|
skip-worktree bit predated the introduction of the
|
|
<a href="git-sparse-checkout.html">git-sparse-checkout(1)</a> command, which provides a much easier
|
|
way to configure and handle the skip-worktree bits. If you want to
|
|
reduce your working tree to only deal with a subset of the files in
|
|
the repository, we strongly encourage the use of
|
|
<a href="git-sparse-checkout.html">git-sparse-checkout(1)</a> in preference to the low-level
|
|
update-index and read-tree primitives.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The primary purpose of the skip-worktree bit is to enable sparse
|
|
checkouts, i.e. to have working directories with only a subset of
|
|
paths present. When the skip-worktree bit is set, Git commands (such
|
|
as <code>switch</code>, <code>pull</code>, <code>merge</code>) will avoid writing these files.
|
|
However, these commands will sometimes write these files anyway in
|
|
important cases such as conflicts during a merge or rebase. Git
|
|
commands will also avoid treating the lack of such files as an
|
|
intentional deletion; for example <code>git</code> <code>add</code> <code>-u</code> will not stage a
|
|
deletion for these files and <code>git</code> <code>commit</code> <code>-a</code> will not make a commit
|
|
deleting them either.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Although this bit looks similar to assume-unchanged bit, its goal is
|
|
different. The assume-unchanged bit is for leaving the file in the
|
|
working tree but having Git omit checking it for changes and presuming
|
|
that the file has not been changed (though if it can determine without
|
|
stat’ing the file that it has changed, it is free to record the
|
|
changes). skip-worktree tells Git to ignore the absence of the file,
|
|
avoid updating it when possible with commands that normally update
|
|
much of the working directory (e.g. <code>checkout</code>, <code>switch</code>, <code>pull</code>,
|
|
etc.), and not have its absence be recorded in commits. Note that in
|
|
sparse checkouts (setup by <code>git</code> <code>sparse-checkout</code> or by configuring
|
|
core.sparseCheckout to true), if a file is marked as skip-worktree in
|
|
the index but is found in the working tree, Git will clear the
|
|
skip-worktree bit for that file.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_split_index">SPLIT INDEX</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>This mode is designed for repositories with very large indexes, and
|
|
aims at reducing the time it takes to repeatedly write these indexes.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>In this mode, the index is split into two files, $GIT_DIR/index and
|
|
$GIT_DIR/sharedindex.<SHA-1>. Changes are accumulated in
|
|
$GIT_DIR/index, the split index, while the shared index file contains
|
|
all index entries and stays unchanged.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>All changes in the split index are pushed back to the shared index
|
|
file when the number of entries in the split index reaches a level
|
|
specified by the splitIndex.maxPercentChange config variable (see
|
|
<a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Each time a new shared index file is created, the old shared index
|
|
files are deleted if their modification time is older than what is
|
|
specified by the splitIndex.sharedIndexExpire config variable (see
|
|
<a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>To avoid deleting a shared index file that is still used, its
|
|
modification time is updated to the current time every time a new split
|
|
index based on the shared index file is either created or read from.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_untracked_cache">UNTRACKED CACHE</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>This cache is meant to speed up commands that involve determining
|
|
untracked files such as <code>git</code> <code>status</code>.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>This feature works by recording the mtime of the working tree
|
|
directories and then omitting reading directories and stat calls
|
|
against files in those directories whose mtime hasn’t changed. For
|
|
this to work the underlying operating system and file system must
|
|
change the <code>st_mtime</code> field of directories if files in the directory
|
|
are added, modified or deleted.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>You can test whether the filesystem supports that with the
|
|
<code>--test-untracked-cache</code> option. The <code>--untracked-cache</code> option used
|
|
to implicitly perform that test in older versions of Git, but that’s
|
|
no longer the case.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>If you want to enable (or disable) this feature, it is easier to use
|
|
the <code>core.untrackedCache</code> configuration variable (see
|
|
<a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>) than using the <code>--untracked-cache</code> option to
|
|
<code>git</code> <code>update-index</code> in each repository, especially if you want to do so
|
|
across all repositories you use, because you can set the configuration
|
|
variable to <code>true</code> (or <code>false</code>) in your <code>$HOME/.gitconfig</code> just once
|
|
and have it affect all repositories you touch.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>When the <code>core.untrackedCache</code> configuration variable is changed, the
|
|
untracked cache is added to or removed from the index the next time a
|
|
command reads the index; while when <code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>|<code>force-</code>]<code>untracked-cache</code>
|
|
are used, the untracked cache is immediately added to or removed from
|
|
the index.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Before 2.17, the untracked cache had a bug where replacing a directory
|
|
with a symlink to another directory could cause it to incorrectly show
|
|
files tracked by git as untracked. See the "status: add a failing test
|
|
showing a core.untrackedCache bug" commit to git.git. A workaround for
|
|
that is (and this might work for other undiscovered bugs in the
|
|
future):</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>$ git -c core.untrackedCache=false status</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>This bug has also been shown to affect non-symlink cases of replacing
|
|
a directory with a file when it comes to the internal structures of
|
|
the untracked cache, but no case has been reported where this resulted in
|
|
wrong "git status" output.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>There are also cases where existing indexes written by git versions
|
|
before 2.17 will reference directories that don’t exist anymore,
|
|
potentially causing many "could not open directory" warnings to be
|
|
printed on "git status". These are new warnings for existing issues
|
|
that were previously silently discarded.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>As with the bug described above the solution is to one-off do a "git
|
|
status" run with <code>core.untrackedCache=false</code> to flush out the leftover
|
|
bad data.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_file_system_monitor">FILE SYSTEM MONITOR</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>This feature is intended to speed up git operations for repos that have
|
|
large working directories.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>It enables git to work together with a file system monitor (see
|
|
<a href="git-fsmonitor--daemon.html">git-fsmonitor--daemon(1)</a>
|
|
and the
|
|
"fsmonitor-watchman" section of <a href="githooks.html">githooks(5)</a>) that can
|
|
inform it as to what files have been modified. This enables git to avoid
|
|
having to lstat() every file to find modified files.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>When used in conjunction with the untracked cache, it can further improve
|
|
performance by avoiding the cost of scanning the entire working directory
|
|
looking for new files.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>If you want to enable (or disable) this feature, it is easier to use
|
|
the <code>core.fsmonitor</code> configuration variable (see
|
|
<a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>) than using the <code>--fsmonitor</code> option to <code>git</code>
|
|
<code>update-index</code> in each repository, especially if you want to do so
|
|
across all repositories you use, because you can set the configuration
|
|
variable in your <code>$HOME/.gitconfig</code> just once and have it affect all
|
|
repositories you touch.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>When the <code>core.fsmonitor</code> configuration variable is changed, the
|
|
file system monitor is added to or removed from the index the next time
|
|
a command reads the index. When <code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>fsmonitor</code> are used, the file
|
|
system monitor is immediately added to or removed from the index.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The command honors <code>core.filemode</code> configuration variable. If
|
|
your repository is on a filesystem whose executable bits are
|
|
unreliable, this should be set to <em>false</em> (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).
|
|
This causes the command to ignore differences in file modes recorded
|
|
in the index and the file mode on the filesystem if they differ only on
|
|
executable bit. On such an unfortunate filesystem, you may
|
|
need to use <em>git update-index --chmod=</em>.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Quite similarly, if <code>core.symlinks</code> configuration variable is set
|
|
to <em>false</em> (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>), symbolic links are checked out
|
|
as plain files, and this command does not modify a recorded file mode
|
|
from symbolic link to regular file.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The command looks at <code>core.ignorestat</code> configuration variable. See
|
|
<em>Using "assume unchanged" bit</em> section above.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The command also looks at <code>core.trustctime</code> configuration variable.
|
|
It can be useful when the inode change time is regularly modified by
|
|
something outside Git (file system crawlers and backup systems use
|
|
ctime for marking files processed) (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The untracked cache extension can be enabled by the
|
|
<code>core.untrackedCache</code> configuration variable (see
|
|
<a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_notes">NOTES</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Users often try to use the assume-unchanged and skip-worktree bits
|
|
to tell Git to ignore changes to files that are tracked. This does not
|
|
work as expected, since Git may still check working tree files against
|
|
the index when performing certain operations. In general, Git does not
|
|
provide a way to ignore changes to tracked files, so alternate solutions
|
|
are recommended.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>For example, if the file you want to change is some sort of config file,
|
|
the repository can include a sample config file that can then be copied
|
|
into the ignored name and modified. The repository can even include a
|
|
script to treat the sample file as a template, modifying and copying it
|
|
automatically.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p><a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>,
|
|
<a href="git-add.html">git-add(1)</a>,
|
|
<a href="git-ls-files.html">git-ls-files(1)</a></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div id="footer">
|
|
<div id="footer-text">
|
|
Last updated 2025-03-17 07:09:38 UTC
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